Complete Guide to Toji Temple in Kyoto – Explore the UNESCO World Heritage Site with Highlights like the Five-story Pagoda and Mieido Hall!

Toji Temple, located in the Kujo area of Minami Ward, Kyoto, is a historic Shingon Buddhist temple founded over 1,200 years ago. It’s the only remaining structure from the Heian period capital, offering a rare glimpse into ancient Kyoto.

Established by the famous monk Kukai (known as Kobo Daishi), Toji became a center for Esoteric Buddhism. The temple grounds are filled with highlights, including the Five-story Pagoda, a National Treasure and the tallest wooden tower in Japan.

Also called Kyo-o Gokoku-ji, which means “Temple for the Nation’s Protection,” Toji has been revered for centuries and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in December 1994. In this guide, I’ll introduce Toji Temple’s must-see spots and helpful travel tips, sharing insights from a Kyoto enthusiast’s perspective.

What is Toji Temple?

Toji Temple, located in the Kujo area of Minami Ward in Kyoto, is a historic Shingon Buddhist temple. Its main deity is Yakushi Nyorai, the Buddha of Healing, and its formal name is Kyo-o Gokoku-ji, meaning “Temple for the Nation’s Protection.”

Originally built by the Japanese government in 796 to protect the city of Heian-kyo, Toji was later entrusted to Kobo Daishi, or Kukai, the founder of Shingon Buddhism, by Emperor Saga. This temple became a central place for esoteric Buddhist teachings, and to this day, it remains a symbol of Kukai’s legacy. Every month on the 21st, the temple holds the “Kobo Market” in honor of him, attracting many visitors.

A Look into Toji’s Rich History

In the late 8th century, Toji and its counterpart Saiji were constructed to guard the east and west sides of Heian-kyo. In 816, Emperor Saga granted Toji to Kukai, transforming it into a center of Shingon Buddhism and giving it its unique identity as a spiritual hub.

One of Toji’s unique features is Kukai’s creation of the “Three-dimensional Mandala,” a physical representation of Buddhist teachings. Although Toji experienced periods of decline after Kukai’s passing, it continued to be revered as his temple. The temple still performs a ritual known as Shomyo-ku, where offerings of tea and rice are made daily to honor him as if he were alive.

In later years, rulers like Emperor Go-Daigo and the powerful Ashikaga family supported Toji. Although a major fire in 1486 destroyed much of the temple, the Toyotomi and Tokugawa families helped rebuild it. In 1994, Toji Temple was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as part of the “Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto.” The temple’s buildings, including the iconic Five-story Pagoda reconstructed in 1644 and the Kondo Hall rebuilt in 1603, stand as remarkable examples of historical architecture.

Toji Temple is a place where visitors can experience both natural beauty and historic architecture—truly a must-see in Kyoto.

Visitor Information for Toji Temple

Toji Temple is open year-round and opens early at 5:00 AM. Early morning visits are a great choice for those wanting a quieter experience, as there are usually fewer visitors at that time.

In August 2021, the Mieido Hall, a National Treasure, completed renovation, and now displays Fudo Myo-o, a statue cherished by Kobo Daishi. The temple grounds are spacious with flat, stone-paved paths, making it accessible for visitors with wheelchairs or mobility issues. While much of the temple is free to explore, entry to the Kondo Hall, Lecture Hall, and Five-story Pagoda requires a ticket.

During special periods, visitors can access the interior of the pagoda’s ground floor, the treasure hall, and other normally restricted areas. For Kondo, Lecture Hall, and Pagoda entry, tickets are 800 yen for adults, 700 yen for high school students, and 500 yen for younger children. Check the official website for admission fees to special events, like seasonal night illuminations in spring and fall.

Access Information for Toji Temple

Toji Temple is conveniently located within walking distance from JR Kyoto Station, a central hub for sightseeing in Kyoto.

The temple is about a 10-minute walk from the nearest station, and several bus stops are also close by, making it accessible by various means. Visitors driving can use the on-site parking lot, available for temple visitors.

From Kyoto Station, it takes around 15 minutes on foot to reach Toji. By train or bus, the journey takes under 30 minutes. Its proximity to Kyoto Station makes Toji an easy stop alongside other nearby attractions and shopping areas.

By Bus

• From JR Kyoto Station (Karasuma Exit):
  • Take City Bus routes 78 or 19 to “Toji South Gate” (Toji-nanmonmae), then walk a short distance.
  • Or take routes 42 or 16 to “Toji West Gate” (Toji-seimonmae), followed by a short walk.
• From JR Kyoto Station (Hachijo Exit):
  • Take City Bus routes 78 or 19 to “Toji South Gate” (Toji-nanmonmae).
  • Route 71 also stops at “Toji East Gate” (Toji-higashimonmae), with a short walk to the temple.
• From Keihan Gion-Shijo Station or Hankyu Kawaramachi Station:
  • Take City Bus route 207 to “Toji East Gate” (Toji-higashimonmae), then walk a short distance.

By Train

• 15-minute walk from JR Kyoto Station (Hachijo Exit)
• 10-minute walk from Kintetsu Toji Station

Access to Kyoto Station from Major Areas

• Tokyo Station: About 120 minutes by Shinkansen
• Osaka Station: About 29 minutes by JR rapid train
• Nara Station: About 47 minutes by Miyakoji rapid train
• Sannomiya Station (Kobe): About 51 minutes by express train
• Itami Airport: About 50 minutes by Osaka Airport Limousine Bus
• Kansai International Airport: About 75 minutes by JR Haruka Airport Express

Highlights of Toji Temple

Toji Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to national treasures, is a famous destination for visitors to Kyoto. Known as the main temple of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism, Toji features an array of stunning architectural wonders, including its iconic pagoda and main hall.

1. A Landmark of Kyoto: The Five-Story Pagoda and Surrounding Garden

The Five-Story Pagoda is the symbol of Toji Temple and one of Kyoto’s landmarks, even visible from the Shinkansen. Originally constructed by Kobo Daishi in 826, it has endured four fires, and the current structure was rebuilt in 1644 with support from Tokugawa Iemitsu. Standing at 55 meters, it’s the tallest ancient wooden pagoda in Japan.

The pagoda is also considered a stupa, containing relics of the Buddha that Kobo Daishi brought from China. Its intricate wooden details follow traditional Japanese design, and it’s recognized as a national treasure from the early Edo period.

Although generally closed to the public, the richly decorated first level is opened only a few times a year for special viewings. Inside, a central pillar represents the Dainichi Nyorai (Cosmic Buddha), surrounded by Buddha and Bodhisattva statues, creating a vibrant sacred space.

You can enjoy views of this magnificent pagoda from various spots throughout the temple grounds.

At the base of the pagoda lies a beautiful strolling garden centered around the large Hyotan Pond. Located within the paid area, the garden provides a peaceful, uncrowded setting to appreciate nature.

The garden changes with the seasons—cherry blossoms in spring, lotus flowers and fresh greenery in summer, and vibrant red maple leaves in autumn. Stroll along the paths that circle the pond and take in the views of trees reflected on the pond’s surface, creating an unforgettable sight.

Special evening illuminations are held in spring and autumn, offering a rare chance to see the garden and pagoda beautifully lit up against the night sky.

2. Straight Layout of Historic Halls: The Golden Hall, Lecture Hall, and Dining Hall

One of Toji Temple’s standout features is the straight-line layout of its historic buildings, each a national treasure or important cultural property.

The Golden Hall (Kondo), a national treasure, was among the first buildings constructed in the temple complex. It serves as Toji’s main hall, built in line with the establishment of the capital in Kyoto. The central deities here are the Medicine Buddha (Yakushi Nyorai), believed to offer protection from illness, flanked by the Bodhisattvas of Sunlight and Moonlight.

Originally built as an official temple funded by the imperial court, the Golden Hall has retained its grandeur for over 600 years. The current building was reconstructed in 1603 with a donation from Toyotomi Hideyori after a fire in 1486. This structure combines Indian and Japanese architectural styles and is known for its high ceilings and unique roof design. The main deity is surrounded by the Twelve Divine Generals for protection, creating a deeply sacred atmosphere.

The Lecture Hall (Kodo), located in the center of the temple complex, is another important cultural property. Built to teach esoteric Buddhist teachings, it was completed in 839 under the direction of Kobo Daishi. In the past, a corridor connected the Lecture and Golden Halls, which were surrounded by a cloistered walkway. Unlike other buildings, which were rebuilt in the 1600s, the Lecture Hall was reconstructed just five years after a fire in 1491 and has over 500 years of history.

Inside, the Lecture Hall features a unique three-dimensional mandala, with statues representing the Five Wisdom Buddhas at the center, surrounded by five bodhisattvas and five wisdom kings, offering visitors a powerful visual of esoteric Buddhism.

The Dining Hall (Jikido), located in the northern part of the temple grounds, was traditionally used as a place for monks’ training and meditation. Today, it serves as a sacred place for copying sutras and is visited by many for this experience. The hall is also known as the Kannon Hall because, in its early days, it housed a statue of the Thousand-Armed Kannon.

After a fire in 1930, the hall was rebuilt with a new Eleven-Faced Kannon statue created by Meichin Tsuneo as its main image. Since 2011, a special space for sutra-copying has been available here for visitors, allowing anyone to experience this peaceful practice on-site. Visitors interested in trying sutra-copying can register at the hall during their visit.

3. Hidden Gems and Power Spots: Exploring Toji Temple’s Grounds

In addition to its famous national treasures and important cultural properties, Toji Temple’s grounds have many fascinating hidden spots to discover.

Just inside the South Gate, you’ll find Hachiman Shrine, a shrine dedicated to protecting the imperial city. This shrine is home to Japan’s oldest statues of gods, including the Monk Hachiman deity and two female deities, which are said to have been carved by Kobo Daishi himself. Known as a power spot for victory in battle, Hachiman Shrine is also connected to a historic event in the Heian period when it was prayed to for peace.

Near the shrine, you’ll see a statue of Kobo Daishi, symbolizing his deep ties to Toji Temple.

In the northeast part of the temple grounds, Bishamondo Hall houses an unexpected power spot: the Sonsyodarani Stone. This stone statue features a creature resembling a giant turtle carrying a stone on its back. This creature, called a “Bixi,” is believed to be a dragon’s offspring and symbolizes strength and resilience. Bixi statues have long been used as foundations for pillars and monuments, and they are thought to bring blessings for good health. Visitors wipe a special cloth, found in the Mieido Hall, over the Bixi and then touch it to any part of their body needing healing.

Nearby Bishamondo, there are also halls dedicated to Daikokuten and Benzaiten, two of the Seven Lucky Gods. Behind the Benzaiten Hall, a small shrine honors Zennyo Ryuo, the goddess of rain who, legend says, helped Kobo Daishi.

Another easy-to-miss treasure lies near the South Gate: Yashima Shrine. This ancient shrine is said to have existed even before Toji Temple was established. Kobo Daishi himself prayed at this shrine before founding Toji. With the Golden Hall drawing visitors’ eyes as they enter, Yashima Shrine can be easily overlooked, but it’s well worth a stop on your visit.

4. Limited-Time Light-Up Events at Toji Temple!

Twice a year, in spring and autumn, Toji Temple offers a special nighttime light-up event.

I visited the spring light-up in early April when the cherry blossoms were in full bloom. Seeing the temple grounds at night gave the experience a unique charm compared to daylight.

Just after entering the paid area, you’ll see the stunning Fuji Sakura (Fuji Cherry Tree), named after Kobo Daishi’s philosophy of “Fuji no Oshie,” meaning “the teaching of non-duality.” This tree blooms beautifully from late March to early April.

As you walk from Fuji Sakura toward the Five-Story Pagoda, you’ll find yourself surrounded by cherry blossoms in spring or autumn leaves later in the year. Be sure to pause along the path to capture the magical night cherry blossoms.

Continuing along the path, you’ll see the Five-Story Pagoda, one of Toji’s most iconic landmarks. The pagoda illuminated by cherry blossoms at night is breathtaking. For the best photos, stand at a distance to capture the full view.

Another highlight nearby is the Hyotan Pond (Gourd-Shaped Pond), part of the temple’s strolling garden. The reflection of cherry blossoms on the water, illuminated by soft lights, is simply beautiful. If time allows, it’s well worth visiting both in the daytime and at night.

Toji Temple holds these night illuminations twice a year—cherry blossoms in spring and autumn leaves in the fall. For specific dates, check the official Toji Temple website.

Admission during these night events is 1,000 yen for adults, and it’s absolutely worth it. For those eager to see cherry blossoms in full bloom, checking bloom status online before visiting is recommended!

Recommended Spots Around Toji Temple

The area around Toji Temple, close to JR Kyoto Station, offers a variety of attractions including temples, shrines, and shopping spots. Some highlights nearby are Kyoto Tower, a landmark of the city, and the famous Fushimi Inari Shrine, which is especially popular among international tourists.

Here, we’ll introduce some top places within about a 30-minute walk or short ride from Nishi Hongan-ji Temple.

1. Kyoto Tower – Iconic Landmark with Views and Dining

Just a 3-minute walk from JR Kyoto Station, Kyoto Tower is a must-see landmark with dining options, souvenir shops, and a viewing deck. Standing as the tallest structure in the world among “frameless steel constructions,” Kyoto Tower’s design resembles a lighthouse illuminating the city’s skyline.

After a major renovation to celebrate its 50th anniversary, Kyoto Tower now offers even more attractions. In April 2017, Kyoto Tower Sando opened inside, featuring a collection of gourmet food, shops, and hands-on activities.

On the top floor, 100 meters above the ground, the observation deck offers a panoramic view of Kyoto.

Kyoto Tower Sando was introduced in 2017 with the concept of providing a “third option beyond the station and city,” connecting visitors and locals alike. The name “Sando” symbolizes a pathway that links Kyoto Station and the surrounding city.

• B1 Floor: A food hall offering Kyoto’s best local foods.
• 1st Floor: A marketplace with specialty goods.
• 2nd Floor: A workshop space for unique experiences and souvenirs.

One popular restaurant here is Kyoto Chikamaru Shakariki Murasaki, an offshoot of the famous Kyoto Chikamaru Shakariki. A signature dish is the “Za” Ramen for 780 yen, a light yet rich ramen with a seafood and chicken broth. Customize it with extra toppings like juicy chashu pork, fragrant mitsuba (Japanese parsley), and a boiled egg for added flavor.

Fushimi Inari Taisha: The Mystical Path of Thousands of Torii Gates

Just a short walk from Inari Station on the JR Nara Line, Fushimi Inari Taisha is the head shrine of over 30,000 Inari shrines across Japan. It’s one of the most visited spots for New Year’s prayers in the Kansai region, and it attracts tourists from around the world year-round.

With a history of over 1,300 years, Fushimi Inari Taisha is dedicated to the deity Inari Okami, known for blessings of prosperity in business and bountiful harvests. The shrine also offers over ten types of charms for various purposes, from business success to personal goals.

The shrine’s iconic Senbon Torii (thousands of torii gates) creates a magical, awe-inspiring path that winds up Mount Inari. Walking up to the mountain’s summit takes over an hour, so planning which areas you’d like to visit can help make the most of your trip.

Due to its popularity, Fushimi Inari Taisha can get crowded regardless of the season. For a quieter experience, an early morning visit is recommended.

Nishi Hongan-ji: The Head Temple of Jodo Shinshu Buddhism

Just a 10-minute walk from Kyoto Station, Nishi Hongan-ji is the head temple of the Jodo Shinshu Honganji sect, affectionately called “Onishi-san” by locals. Founded by Shinran Shonin, this historical temple is home to impressive architectural treasures, with the Goei-do Hall (Founder’s Hall) as its main feature.

The Goei-do Hall, which enshrines a statue of Shinran Shonin, is a massive structure measuring 62 meters north to south and 48 meters east to west. Visitors can explore the hall’s grand interior free of charge.

Connecting the Goei-do and Amida Halls is a corridor that exudes a solemn atmosphere, creating a serene space within the bustling city. In front of Goei-do Hall stands a large ginkgo tree, a national natural monument, which turns bright yellow each autumn. Its branches spread out like roots in the sky, earning it the nickname “upside-down ginkgo.”

As of 2021, some restoration work is ongoing, including projects within the Amida Hall and the Karamon Gate. Renovations on Hiunkaku Pavilion, one of Kyoto’s three great pavilions, were completed in 2020. Visitors are encouraged to check the temple’s official website for updated information on ongoing projects.

Tofuku-ji Temple: A Historic Temple Known for Its Stunning Autumn Colors

Tofuku-ji Temple, the head temple of the Rinzai Tofuku-ji School, was founded over a period of 19 years, from 1236 to 1255, with Shakyamuni Buddha as its central deity. Inspired by the great temples in Nara, Todai-ji and Kofuku-ji, it was named “Tofuku-ji.” The temple is renowned for its autumn foliage and houses several National Treasures and Important Cultural Properties.

One highlight is the Main Hall, a key structure that serves as both the Lecture Hall and Buddha Hall. Although it was rebuilt in 1934 after a fire, it stands as one of the largest wooden structures built in the Showa period, towering at 25.5 meters.

The famous autumn leaves make Tofuku-ji a top spot for fall viewing in Kyoto, with a longer peak season than most temples—spanning from November to early December. The grounds feature about 2,000 maple trees, creating an incredible display of red across the temple landscape.

A must-see is the Tsuten-kyo Bridge, one of Tofuku-ji’s three iconic bridges along with the Engetsu-kyo and Gaun-kyo bridges. This 27-meter-long covered wooden bridge offers breathtaking views of the vibrant maple leaves surrounding it. During peak season, entry to Tsuten-kyo Bridge is 1,000 yen, a worthwhile fee to enjoy the unforgettable sight.

Visitors can also enjoy fresh green maple leaves in early summer, making Tofuku-ji an appealing destination year-round.

Since 2020, Tofuku-ji has opened its autumn foliage light-up to the general public for the first time. The temple also offers limited-time night illuminations in spring, summer, and fall, creating a magical evening experience. For up-to-date event details, check Tofuku-ji’s website.

To-ji Temple, home to many cultural treasures, is a must-see landmark famous for its Five-Story Pagoda, a National Treasure visible even from the Shinkansen. This iconic structure, along with the Kondo Hall—also a National Treasure—and the beautiful stroll garden that showcases the changing seasons, offers endless sights to explore.

Combine your visit to To-ji with nearby attractions like the popular Fushimi Inari Shrine to enjoy a full day of sightseeing in Kyoto. This area is loved by both international and Japanese visitors for its rich history and vibrant scenery.

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